Section 6 Welding Consumables

601. General

1. Application

(1) The covered electrodes for manual welding and gravity welding, wire/flux combinations for two run or multirun submerged arc welding, solid wire/gas combinations for arc welding, flux cored wires with or without gas for arc welding and consumables for use in electroslag and electrogas vertical welding specified in the Rules are to be approved by the Society in accordance with the requirements in this Section.

(2) The welding consumables which are used in welding processes differing from those specified in

(1) or where it is considered impracticable to apply the requirements in this Section are to be of the type approved by the Society.

(3) The approval test for welding consumables which are not covered by this Section is to be left to the discretion of the Society. See Guidance

2. Process of manufacture

The approved welding consumables are to be manufactured of uniform quality, under the manu- facturer's responsibility, by the process approved by the Society, at works approved by the Society.

3. Test assemblies

(1) The test assemblies are to be prepared under the supervision of the Surveyor, and all tests are to be carried out in his presence.

(2) When a welded joint is performed, the edges of the plates are to be bevelled either by mechan- ical machining or by oxygen cutting; in the later case, a descaling of the bevelled edges is

necessary.

(3) The welding conditions used such as amperage, voltage, travel speed, etc are to be within the range recommended by the manufacturer for normal good welding practice. Where a filler mate-

rial is stated to be suitable for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC), AC is to be used for the preparation of the test assemblies.

4. Approval test

(1) The approved welding consumables are subject to the approval tests and inspections specified in

602. to 609. in this Section.

(2) Welding consumables are to be approved at each manufacturing plant and for each brand.

However, where are specified in (a) and/or (b) below, a reduced test programme at least equiv- alent to annual tests is permitted if the manufacturer can certify that the materials used and the

fabrication process are identical with those used in the main works. However, should there be

any doubt, complete test-series may be required.

(a) Where welding consumables which have been approved are intended to manufacture at man-

ufacturing plants other than those of the manufacturers who manufacture the said welding consumables.

(b) Where welding consumables which have been approved are intended to manufacture accord-

ing to technical licensing agreements with those parties who manufacture the said welding consumables.

(3) Wire flux combination for submerged arc welding. If a unique powder flux is combined with

different wires coming from several factories belonging to the same firm, it may be admitted to perform only one test-series if the different wires are conformable to the same technical specifi- cation, after approval of the Society.

(4) Where deemed necessary by the Society, tests other than those specified in this Section may be required.

5. Periodical inspection

The manufacturer of welding materials is to be subjected to the periodical inspection in the pres- ence of Surveyor for each brands of the welding materials at each manufacturing plant in a period not exceeding 12 months.

6. Alterations to approved consumables

(1) In case when the particulars of the welding materials which being mentioned in the certificate

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 145

of approval, such gas, are changed,

as grade, welding position, maximum diameter of welding materials or shield the manufacturer is to submit a copy of application form for change to the

Society, and necessary additional approval tests are to be carried out accordingly.

(2) When the significant changes in compositions or manufacturing process of the wire and flux or removal of manufacturing plant is made, the manufacturer is to submit a single copy of notifi-

cation of alternation in any preferred form to the Society, and necessary confirmation survey and test may be carried out accordingly.

(3) Upgrading and uprating of welding consumables will be considered only at manufacturer's re- quest, preferably at the time of annual testing. Generally, for this purpose, tests from butt weld assemblies will be required in addition to the normal annual approval tests.

7. Retests

(1) Tensile test and bend test

(a) Where the tensile test and bend test fail to meet the requirements, twice as many test speci- mens as the number of specimens of failed test are to be selected from the first test materi- al or from a test material welded under the same welding conditions, and if all of test specimens pass the tests, then the tests are considered to be successful.

(b) Where insufficient original welded assembly is available, a new assembly is to be prepared using welding consumables from the same batch.

(c)

If the new assembly is made with the same procedure (particularly the number of runs) as

the original assembly, only the duplicate re-test specimens needs to be prepared and tested. Otherwise, all test specimens should be prepared as for re-testing.

(2) Impact test

(a) Where the result of the impact test is unsatisfactory, additional tests may be carried out, with the exception of the cases specified in (i) and (ii) below, by taking a set of test speci-

mens out of the same test material from which the above-mentioned test specimens have been taken.

(i) The absorbed energy of all test specimens is under the required average absorbed energy.

(ii) The absorbed energy of two of the test specimens is under 70 % the required average absorbed energy.

(b) In case of the previous (a), the test specimens may be accepted, provided that the average

absorbed energy of the six test specimens, including those which have been rejected as un- satisfactory, is not less than the required average absorbed energy, and that not more than two individual results are lower than the required average absorb energy and of these, not

more than one result is below 70 % of the required average absorbed energy.

(3) Where the retest fails to meet the requirements, the test may be made over again with changed welding conditions. In this case, if the whole tests specified for the test assembly are carried

out and are in compliance with the requirements, the test is accepted as successful.

8. Revocation of approval

In the following cases, the approval of welding consumables by the Society shall be revoked, after notice is given to the manufacturer:

(1) When the Society has recognized that the quality is remarkably worse than that approved or is not uniform.

(2) When the welding consumables have failed the requirements in the annual inspections.

(3) When the welding consumables are not inspected annually as required by the Rules.

9. Data

The Society may require the submission of the data with respect to the properties of welding con- sumables if necessary.

10. Packings and markings

(1) The approved welding consumables are to be packed throughly to keep the quality during their transportation and storage.

(2) All packages of approved welding consumables are to clearly marked with the following de- scriptions together with the approved mark of the Society.

(a)

(b)

Brand

Name of manufacturer

146 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

Kind of gas if used

Grade or mark of welding consumables Electric current and its polarity Welding positions

Date and number of production

Sizes (diameter of core wire, length of elect rode, grain size of flux for submerged arc

welding, etc.)

Special notices on the treatment

602. Electrodes for manual arc welding for normal strength steels, higher strength steels and steels for low temperature service

1. Application

(1) Electrodes for manual arc welding for normal strength steels, higther strength steels and steels for low temperature service given in the following (a) and (b) (hereinafter referred to as "electrodes") are to be subjected to the approval test and annual inspections in accordance with the requirements in 602.

(a) Electrodes for manual welding

(i) For butt welds

(ii) For fillet welds

(iii) For both butt welds and fillet welds

(b) Electrodes used in gravity welding or similar set-ups

(i) For fillet welds

(ii) For both butt welds and fillet welds

(2) Any requirements regarding one side welding without backing are left to the discretion of the Society. See Guidance

2. Grades and marks of electrode

(1) Electrodes are classified as specified in Table 2.2.16.

Table 2.2.16 Grades and Marks

(2) For low hydrogen electrodes which have passed the hydrogen test specified in Par 6, the suf- fixes given in Table 2.2.22 are to be added to the grade marks of the said electrodes. (e.g. 2Y H 5)

3. General provisions for tests

(1) Kinds of test, number, thickness and dimension of test assemblies, diameter of electrodes used for welding, welding positions, grades and number of test specimens to be taken from each test assembly for electrodes given in Par 1 (1) (a) (i) and (iii) are to be as given in Table 2.2.17. However, where deemed necessary by the Society, hot cracking tests may be required by the Society in addition to tests specified in this Table. See Guidance

(2) Kinds of test, number, thickness and dimension of test assemblies, diameter of electrodes used

for welding and welding positions, together taken from each test assembly for electrodes

Table 2.2.18.

(3) Tests for electrodes given in Par 1 (1) (b) the following (a) and (b):

with grades and number of test specimens to be given in Par 1 (1) (a) (ii), are to be as given in

are to be in accordance with the requirements in

(a) For electrodes given in Par 1 (1) (b) (i), tests given in Table 2.2.18 specified in the pre- ceding (2) are to be conducted.

(b) For electrodes given in Par 1 (1) (b) (ii), tests specified in the preceding (a) and butt weld test given in Table 2.2.17 specified in the preceding (1) are to be conducted.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 147

Table 2.2.17 Kinds of Test for Electrode

(4) Where electrodes are intended to be used for both items specified in Par 1 (1) (a) and (b), ap- proval tests required for each electrode are to be conducted. However, deposited metal tests may be omitted for electrodes given in Par 1 (1) (b).

(5) Steel plates to be used in preparation of test assemblies are to be as given in Table

cording to the grades of electrode.

2.2.19 ac-

(6) The welding conditions used such as amperage, voltage, travel speed, etc. are to be within the range recommended by the manufacturer for normal good welding practice. Where a filler met- al is stated to be suitable for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC), AC is to be used for the preparation of the test assemblies.

(7) For the approval of electrodes, the tests

ducted for each brand of electrodes.

(8) After welding, the test assemblies are not

specified in the preceding (1) to (4) are to be con-

to be subjected to any heat treatment.

148 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Table 2.2.18 Kinds of Test for Electrode

Table 2.2.19 Grade of Steels used for Test Assembly

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 149

(9) It is recommended that the welded assemblies be subjected to a radiographic examination to as- certain that there are any defects in the weld prior to the preparation of test specimens.

4. Deposited metal test

(1) Welding of deposited metal test assemblies

(a) Test assembly as shown in Fig 2.2.18 is to be welded in the downhand position according to the normal practice.

(b)

The weld metal is to be deposited in single or multi-run layers according to normal prac- tice, and the direction of each run is to alternate from each end of the plate, each run of

weld metal being not less than 2 mm but not more than 4 mm thick.

(c) After each run, the test assembly is to be left in still air until it has

cooled to less than

250 but not below 100 , the temperature being taken at the surface of seam.

centre

of the weld on the

(2) Chemical analysis

The chemical analysis of the deposited weld metal in each test assembly is to be supplied by the manufacturer and is to include the content of all significant alloying element.

(3) Deposited metal tensile test

(a) The tensile test specimen, one from each test assembly, is to be machined to dimensions R14A test specimen as shown in Table 2.2.1, care being taken that the longitudinal axis coincides with the centre of weld and the mid-thickness of plates.

(b)

(c)

The tensile test specimen may be subjected to a temperature not exceeding 250 for a pe- riod not exceeding 16 hours for hydrogen removal prior to testing.

The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of each test specimen are to comply with

the requirements given in Table 2.2.20, where the upper limit of tensile strength is ex- ceeded, special consideration will be given to the approval of the electrode, taking into con-

sideration of the other mechanical properties shown in the test results and the chemical composition of deposited metal.

(4) Deposited metal impact tests

(a) One set of three impact test specimens, from each test assembly, are to be machined to di- mensions charphy V-notch impact test specimen as shown in Table 2.1.3. The test speci-

men is to be cut with its longitudinal axis transverse to the direction of welding, and the test specimen is to coincide with the mid-thickness of the plate shown in Fig 2.2.19.

(b) The notch is to be positioned in the specimens perpendicular to the surface

centre of weld and is to be cut in the face of test of plate.

150 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Fig 2.2.19 Position of Butt Weld Impact Test Specimen (Unit : mm, t : plate thickness)

(c) Test temperature and average absorbed energy are to comply with the

Table 2.2.20.

requirements given in

Table 2.2.20 Tensile and impact Test Requirements for Deposited Metal

(d) When the absorbed energy of two or more test specimens among a set of test specimens is less in value than the specified average absorbed energy or when the absorbed energy of a single test specimen is less in value than 70 % of the specified average absorbed energy, the test is considered to have failed.

5. Butt weld test

(1) Welding of butt weld test assemblies

(a) Test assembly as shown in Fig 2.2.20 is to be welded in each welding position (flat, hori- zontal-vertical, vertical-upward, vertical downward and overhead) which is recommended by the manufacturer, according to the normal practice.

(b) Test assembly is to be left in still air until it has cooled to less than 250 but not below

100 , the temperature being taken at the centre of the weld on the surface of seam.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 151

Fig 2.2.20 Butt weld Test Assembly for Electrode for Manual Arc Welding (Unit: mm)

(c) In all cases, the back sealing runs are to be made with 4 mm electrode in the welding po- sition appropriate to each test assembly, after cutting out the root run to clean metal. For electrodes suitable for downhand welding only, the test assemblies may be turned over to carry out the back sealing run.

(2) Butt weld tensile tests

(a) The tensile test specimen is to be R 2A specimen shown in Table 2.2.1 and the test speci- men is to be taken from each test assembly.

(b)

(c)

The surface of weld is to be machined flush with the surface of plate.

The tensile strength of test specimen is to comply with the requirements given in Table 2.2.21.

(3) Butt weld bend test

(a) The face and root bend test specimens are to be R B 4 specimen shown in Table 2.2.2, and test specimens are to be taken from each test assembly. However, for L 91 or L 92, the

face and root bend specimens are to be R B 1 specimen shown in Table 2.2.2, and test

specimens are to be taken longitudinally from each test assembly.

(b)

(c)

The upper and lower surfaces of the weld are to be filed, ground or machined flush with the Surface of the plate and the sharp corners of the specimens rounded to a radius not ex- ceeding 2 mm.

The test specimens are to be capable of withstanding, without crack exceeding 3 mm long on the outer surface of other defects, being bent through an angle of 120 degrees over a

former having a radius of 1.5 times the thickness of test specimen. The radius and angle of the former for L 91 and L 92, however, are to be 2 times the thickness of the specimen and 180degrees respectively.

152 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Table 2.2.21 Tensile and impact Test Requirements for butt weld

(4) Butt weld impact tests

(a) One set of three impact test specimens, from each test assembly, are to be machined to di- mensions charphy V-notch impact test specimens as shown in Table 2.1.3.

(b)

(c)

(d)

The test specimens are to be prepared as shown in Fig 2.2.19 and the dimensions, form, position and direction of notches are to be as specified in Par 4. (4)

Test temperature and average absorbed energy are to comply with the requirements given in

Table 2.2.21, appropriate to the grades of the electrode and welding position.

When the absorbed energy of two or more test specimens among a set of test specimens is

less in value than the specified average absorbed energy or when the absorbed energy of a single test specimen is less in value than 70 % of the specified average absorbed energy,

the test is considered to have failed.

6. Hydrogen test

The hydrogen test to be carried out by the mercury method or gas chromatographic method. The use of the glycerine method may be admitted at the Society discretion.

(1) The mercury method to be as specified in the Standard K S B ISO 3690

(2) The gas chromatographic method to be as specified in the Standard KS D0064(Method of Measurement for Hydrogen Evolved from Steel Welds)

(3) Glycerin method

(a) Welding of test assemblies

(i) As a rule, mild and high tensile steels are to be used for the test assembly, and four test specimens are to be prepared measuring 12 mm by 25 mm in cross section by about 125 mm in length. Before welding, the specimens are to be weighed to the nearest 0.1

gram. On the 25 mm surface of each test specimen, a single bead of welding is to be

deposited,

about 100 mm in length, by a 4 mm electrode, using about 150 mm of the

electrode.

current of

The welding is to be carried out with as short

about 150 .

an arc as possible and with a

(ii) The electrodes, prior to welding, can be submitted to the

mended by the manufacturer.

normal drying process recom-

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 153

(b) Abefteqruewneclhdeidngi,neawcahtertesatt sapetecimmpeenratpurreepaorfedaptoprothxeimhaytedlryog2e0n tesftorsp3e0cifsieecd, ainfte(ra)reamboviengis thtoe slag within a period of 30 sec. Subsequently, the test specimens are to be cleaned and be sealed into a hydrogen collector by means of the glycerin replacement method.

The glycerin is to be kept at a temperature of approximately 45 during the test. The test time required for all the four test specimens from welding to the enclosure in the hydrogen collector is to be within 30 min. After immersing into glycerin for 48 hours, the test specimens are to be cleaned with water and alcohol and weighed with an accuracy of 0.1 g after being dried to measure the weight of the deposited metal. The volume of hydrogen

gas collected is to be measured with an accuracy of 0.05 and converted into that under

the conditions 20 and 1 atmospheric pressure (760 mm ).

(4) Average diffusible hydrogen contents of the four specimens is to comply with the requirements given in Table 2.2.22 according to the test procedures specified in preceding articles or the type of suffixes to be added to the grade marks.

Table 2.2.22 Requirements for Hydrogen Contents ( )

7. Fillet weld test

(1) Welding of fillet weld test assemblies

(a) Test assembly as shown in Fig 2.2.21 is to be welded in each welding position (flat, hori- zon- vertical, vertical-up ward, vertical-downward and overhead) which is recommended by the manufacturer.

(b)

(c)

(d)

The first side is to be welded using the maximum size of electrode manufactured and the second side is to be welded using the minimum size of electrode manufactured.

The leg length of fillet welds may will in general be determined by the electrode size and the welding current employed during testing.

In case of fillet welds using gravity or similar contact welding method, the fillet welding is

to be carried out with electrodes of maximum length. Where approval is requested for the welding of both normal strength and higher strength steel, the assemblies are to be prepared using higher strength steel.

Fig 2.2.21 Fillet Weld Test Assembly (Unit : mm)

(2) Fillet weld macro-structure test

(a) For macro-structure test specimens, those with breadths of 25 mm are selected from three places shown in Fig 2.2.21.

154 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

(b) The macro-etching test is conducted on the transverse section of fillet weld joint and welded

joints are to be free from excessive cracks and other injurious defects.

(3) Fillet weld hardness test The hardness of

difference of leg length between upper and lower,

weld metal, heat affected zone and base metal are to

be measured at places given in Fig 2.2.22 for each test specimen which underwent the mac- ro-etching test specified in preceding (1) and the respective hardnesses are to be in accordance with those deemed appropriate by the Society. See Guidance

Fig 2.2.22 Hardness Test (Unit : mm)

(4) Fillet weld fracture test

(a) One of the remaining sections of the fillet weld is to have the weld on the first side goug-

ed or machined to facilitate breaking the fillet weld as shown in Fig 2.2.23, on the second side by closing the two plates together, submitting the root of the weld to tension. On the other remaining section the weld on the second side is to be gouged or machined and the

section fractured using the same procedure.

(b) The fractured surfaces

penetration, or internal

are to be examined and there should be no evidence of incomplete

cracking and they should be reasonably free from porosity.

Fig 2.2.23 Fracture Test

8. Annual inspections

(1) In the annual inspections, tests specified in the following (2) and (3) are to be conducted for each brand of the approved electrodes and they are to be passed satisfactorily.

(2) The kinds of test, etc. in the annual inspections for manual arc welding electrodes are to be as given in Table 2.2.23.

(3) The kinds of test, etc. in the annual inspections of electrodes used in gravity welding or other welding using similar welding devices are to be as given in Table 2.2.24.

(4) The welding procedures and requirements for test assemblies of tests specified in the preceding

(2) and (3) are to be as specified in Par 4.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 155

Table 2.2.23 Kind of Test for Annual Inspection

Table 2.2.24 Kind of Test for Annual Inspection

9. Changes in grades

(1) Where changes in the grades relating to the strength or toughness of electrodes approved are to be made, tests specified in the following (2) and (3) are to be carried out and satisfactorily passed in accordance with the requirements in 601. 6 (3).

(2) For changes in the grades relating to strength, the butt weld tests, specified in the annual in- spection of Par 8 and in the requirements of Par 3 (1), are to be conducted.

(3) For changes in the grades relating to toughness, the butt weld impact tests, specified in the an- nual inspection of Par 8 and in the requirements of Par 3 (1), are to be conducted.

603. Automatic welding consumables for normal strength steels, higher strength steels and steels for low temperature service

1. Application

(1) Welding consumables for normal strength steels, higher strength steels and steels for low tem- perature service given in the following (a) through (c) (hereinafter referred to as "automatic welding consumables") are to be subjected to the approval tests and annual inspections in ac- cordance with the requirements in 603.

(a)

(b)

(c)

Submerged arc automatic welding consumables (Wire flux combinations)

Gas shielded arc automatic welding consumables(Flux cored wire and solid wire automatic welding consumables with shielding gas)

Self-shielded arc automatic welding consumables (flux-cored or flux-coated wires without a shielding gas)

(2) Wire-flux combinations for multiple electrode submerged arc welding will be subject to separate

approval tests. They are to be carried out generally in accordance with the requirements in 603.

(3) At the discretion of the Society, wires or wire-gas combinations approved for semi-automatic multirun welding may also be approved, without additional tests, for automatic multirun welding approval. This is generally the case when automatic multirun welding is performed in the same conditions of welding current and energy as semi automatic welding with the concerned wire-gas combination.

156 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

2. Grades and marks

(1) The automatic welding consumables are classified as specified in Table 2.2.25.

Table 2.2.25 Grade and Marks

(2) Automatic welding materials which have passed the tests for each welding process given in Table 2.2.28 are to be appended with the suffixes shown in Table 2.2.26 at the end of their marks.

(3) In the preceding (2), a suffix G will be added to the grade mark for gas shielded arc automatic welding consumables, and a suffix N will be added for self-shielded wire automatic welding consumables Further, the type of gas used is to be as specified in Table 2.2.27, and the suffix given in Table 2.2.27 will be added after the suffix G. (e.g. 3YTM G (M 1))

Table 2.2.26 Marks

Table 2.2.27 Kinds of Gas

Gas composition (V ol.%)

M 1

C 1 100

C

C 2 Rest 1 30

I I 1 100

E E 1 Except above

NOTE:

(1) Argon may be substituted by Helium up to 95 % of the Argon content.

(2) Approval covers gas mixtures with equal or higher Helium contents only.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 157

3. General provisions for tests

(1) Steel plates to be used for test assemblies are to be as given in Table 2.2.28, appropriate to the kind of automatic welding consumables.

(2) Kinds of test, number, thickness and dimensions of test assemblies, grades and number of test

specimens to be taken from each test assembly for automatic welding consumables are to be as given in Table 2.2.29.

(3) For the approval of automatic welding consumables, the tests specified in the preceding (2) are

to be conducted for each brand of automatic welding

(4) For gas shielded arc automatic welding consumables,

consumables.

the test in the preceding (3) is to be per-

formed for each type of gas given in

recommends gas types of the group of

Table 2.2.27. When the manufacturer of the material

M 1, M 2, M 3 or C in Table 2.2.27 and the test is sat-

isfactorily conducted in accordance with the preceding (3) on one of the gas type, the test on

the other gas types belonging to the same group is allowed to be dispensed with at the dis- cretion of the Society.

(5) Unless otherwise agreed by the Society, additional approval tests are required when a shielding gas is used other than that used for the original approval tests.

(6) The welding conditions used such as amperage, voltage, travel speed, etc. are to be within the

range recommended by the manufacturer for normal good welding practice. Where a filler met-

al is stated to be suitable for both alternating current

be used for the preparation of the test assemblies.

(AC) and direct current (DC), AC is to

Table 2.2.28 Grades of Steel used for Test Assembly

158 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Table 2.2.29 Kinds of Test of Automatic Welding Consumables

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 159

(7) After welding, the test assemblies are not to be subjected to any heat treatment.

(8) It is recommended that the welded assemblies be subjected to a radiographic examination to as- certain that there are any defects in the weld prior to the preparation of test specimens.

4. Deposited metal test with multi-run technique

(1) Welding of deposited metal test assemblies

(a) Test assemblies as shown in Fig 2.2.24 are to be welded in the flat position by multirun

technique according to the normal practice. The direction of deposition of each run is to alternate from each end of the plate. After completion of each run, the flux and welding slag is to be removed.

(b)

(c)

The thickness of layer is not to be less than the diameter of wire nor less than 4 mm whichever is the greater for submerged arc automatic welding consumables. For gas shield and self-shielded are automatic welding consumables the thickness of layer is not to be less than 3 mm.

After each run, the test assembly is to be left in still air until it has cooled to less than

250 but not below 100 , the temperature being taken at the centre of the weld on the

surface of seam.

(2) Chemical analysis

The chemical analysis of the deposited weld metal in each test assembly is to be supplied by

the manufacturer and is to include the content of all significant alloying element.

160 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

(3) Deposited metal tensile test with multi-run technique

(a) The tensile test specimens, two from each test assembly, are to be machined to dimensions

R14A test specimen as shown in Table 2.2.1, care being taken that the longitudinal axis coincides with the centre of weld and the mid-thickness of plates.

(b)

The tensile strength, yield point and elongation of each test specimen are to comply with the requirements given in Table 2.2.30, where the upper limit of tensile strength is ex-

ceeded, special consideration will be given to the approval of the electrode, taking into con-

sideration of the other mechanical

composition of deposited metal.

properties shown in the

test results and the chemical

(c)

The tensile test specimens may be

subjected to a temperature not exceeding 250 for a

period not exceeding 16 hours for hydrogen removal prior to testing.

(4) Deposited metal impact test with multi-run technique

(a) One set of three impact test specimens, from each test assembly, are to be machined to di- mensions R 4 test specimen as shown in Table 2.1.3. The test specimen is to be cut with its longitudinal axis transverse to the direction of welding, and the test specimen is to co-

incide with the mid-thickness of the plate shown in Fig 2.2.19.

(b) Test temperature and average absorbed energy are to comply with the

Table 2.2.30.

requirements given in

Table 2.2.30 Tensile and Impact Test Requirements for Deposited Metal test

(c) The notch is to be positioned in the centre of weld and is to be specimens perpendicular to the surface of plate.

(d) When the absorbed energy of two or more test specimens among a

cut in the face of test

set of test specimens is

less in value than the specified average absorbed

energy

or when

the absorbed energy of a

single test specimen is less in value than 70 % of the the test is considered to have failed.

specified

average absorbed energy,

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 161

5. Butt weld test with multi-run technique

(1) Welding of butt weld test assemblies with multi-run technique

(a) The face side of the test assemblies as shown in Fig 2.2.25 is to be multi-pass welded in

flat position, preceding 4.

consumables,

and the corresponding welding procedure is to follow the requirements of the (1). However, for gas shield arc and self shielded arc wire automatic welding

the welding position is to be as specified by the manufacturer.

(b) After completing the face welding in downhand position, back welding is performed. In

this instance, back chipping may be carried out to expose sound deposited metal at the root.

(2) Butt weld tensile test with multi-run technique

(a) The tensile test specimens are to be prepared to R 2A specimen shown in Table 2.2.1 and

two test specimens are to be taken from each test assembly.

(b)

(c)

The surface of weld is to be machined flush with the surface of plate.

The tensile strength of test specimen is to comply with the requirements given in Table 2.2.31.

(3) Butt weld bend test with multi-run technique

(a) The face bend and root bend test specimens are to be R B 4 specimen shown in Table

2.2.2, and two test specimens are to be taken from each test assembly. However, for L 91 or L 92, the face bend and root bend specimens are to be R B 1 specimen shown in Table

2.2.2, and test specimens are to be taken longitudinally from each test assembly.

(b)

The test specimens are to be capable of withstanding, without crack exceeding 3 long on the outer surface of other defects, being bent through an angle of 120 degrees over a former having a radius of 1.5 tim es the thickness of test specimen. The radius and angle of the former for L 91 and L 92, however, are to be 2 tim es the thickness of the specimen and 180 degrees respectively.

162 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Table 2.2.31 Tensile and Impact Test Requirements for butt weld test with multi-run technique

(4) Butt weld impact test with multi-run technique

(a) One set of three impact test specimens, from each test assembly, are to be machined to di-

mensions R 4 test specimens as shown in Fig 2.1.3. The test specimen is to be cut with its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the direction of welding, and the test specimen is to

coincide with the mid-thickness of the plate shown in Fig 2.2.19.

(b) Test temperature and average absorbed energy are to comply with the requirements given in

Table 2.2.31.

(c)

The requirements in Par 4. (4), (c) and (d) are to correspondingly apply to this Paragraph.

6. Butt weld test with two-run technique

(1) Welding of Butt weld test assemblies with two-run technique

(a) Test assemblies are to be prepared as shown in Fig 2.2.26, and the diameter of wire and

edge preparation are to be as shown in Fig 2.2.27, but some deviation may be allowed where accepted by the Society.

(b) Test assemblies are to be welded according to the normal practice in downhand position by

two-run technique where each run is to be started alternately from each end of the plate. After completing the first run, the assembly is to be left in still air until it has cooled to

100 or below, the temperature being taken at the centre of weld on the surface of seam.

(2) Chemical analysis

The chemical analysis of the weld metal is to be supplied by the manufacturer, and is to in-

clude the content of all significant alloying elements.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 163

164 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

(3) Butt weld tensile tests with two-run technique

(a) The tensile test specimens are to be R2A specimen shown in Table 2.2.1 and two test specimens are to be taken from each welded assembly.

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

The surface of weld is to be machined flush with the surface of plate.

The tensile strength of test specimen is to comply with the requirements given in Table 2.2.31.

One longitudinal tensile test specimen of R14A shown in Table 2.2.1 is to be machined from the thicker of the test assembly specified in Table 2.2.28 and the longitudinal direc- tion of the test specimen is to be parallel to the weld line and the centre line of the test specimen is to coincide with the centre of second layer.

Tathuerelonnogtituedxcineaelditnegnsi2le50test sfoprecaimpeneriiondthneot perxeceeddiningg (146) hmouayrs bfoer shuybdjreocgteedn rteomoavatlempprieorr-

to testing.

The requirements of tensile test specified in the preceding (d) and (e) are to be as given in

Table 2.2.30. Where the upper limit of tensile strength is exceeded, special consideration

will be given to the approval of the welding consumables, taking into consideration of the other mechanical properties shown in the test results and the chemical composition of de- posited metal.

(4) Butt weld bend test with two-run technique

(a) The face and root bend test specimens are to be RB4 or RB5 specimen shown in Table

2.2.2 and test specimens are to be taken from each test assembly. However, for L91 and

L92, the face and root bend test specimens are to be RB1 test specimens and test speci- mens shown in Table 2.2.2 are to be taken longitudinally from each test assembly.

(b) The requirements in Par 5. (3), (b) are to correspondingly apply to this Paragraph.

(5) Butt weld impact test with two-run technique

(a) One set of three impact test specimens, from each test assembly, are to be machined mensions charphy V-notch impact test specimens as shown in Table 2.1.3, and the

to di- longi-

tudinal direction of the test specimen is to be perpendicular to the weld line and the surface

of weld about 2 mm apart is to coincide with the surface of specimen as shown in Fig 2.2.28.

Fig 2.2.28 Position of impact Test Specimen for Butt Weld Test Assembly with Two-Run Technique (Unit : mm, t : plate thickness)

(b) Test temperature and average absorbed energy are to comply with the requirements given in

Table 2.2.31.

(c) The requirements in Par 4. (4), (c) and (d) are to correspondingly apply to this Paragraph.

7. Hydrogen test

The hydrogen test is to be in accordance with 602. 6 of the Rules

8. Annual inspections

(1) In the annual inspection, tests specified in the following (2) are to be conducted for each brand of the approved consumables, and they are to be passed satisfactorily.

(2) The kinds of test, etc. involved in the annual inspections are to be as given in Table 2.2.32.

(3) The welding procedures and requirements for test assemblies of tests specified in the preceding

(2) are to be as specified in Pars 4 through 6.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 165

Table 2.2.32 Kinds of Test for Annual Inspection

9. Changes in grades

(1) Where changes in the grades relating to the strength or toughness of automatic welding con- sumables approved are to be made, tests specified in the following (2), (3) and (4) are to be carried out and satisfactorily passed in accordance with the requirements in 601. 6 (3).

(2) Changes in grades relating to the strength or toughness of multi-run automatic welding con- sumables are to be in accordance with the requirements in the following (a) and (b).

(a) For changes in the grades relating to strength, the butt weld tests, specified in the annual

inspection of Par 8 and in the requirements of Par 3 (1), are to be conducted.

(b) For changes in the grades relating to toughness, the butt weld impact tests, specified in the annual inspection of Par 8 and in the requirements of Par 3 (1), are to be conducted.

(3) Changes in grades relating to the strength or toughness of two-run automatic welding con-

sumables are to be in accordance with the requirements in the following (a) and (b).

(a) For changes in the grades relating to strength, all tests

conducted.

(b) For changes in the grades relating to toughness, the butt annual inspections of Par 8 and in the requirements

conducted.

(4) Changes in the grades relating to the strength or toughness

specified in Par 3 (1) are to be

weld impact tests, specified in the of the preceding (a), are to be

of automatic welding consumables

for multi-run and two-run use are to be as specified in the preceding (2) and (3).

604. Semi-automatic welding consumables for normal strength steels, higher strength steels and steels for low temperature service

1. Application

Welding consumables for semi-automatic welding for normal and steels for low temperature service given in the following "semi-automatic welding consumables") are to be subjected spections in accordance with the requirements in 604.

(a) Gas shielded arc semi-automatic welding consumables(flux matic welding consumables with shielding gas)

strength steels, higher strength steels

(a) and (b) (hereinafter referred to as to the approval test and annual in-

cored wire and solid wire semi-auto-

(b) Self-shielded arc semi-automatic welding consumables(solid wire and flux cored matic welding consumables without shielding gas).

wire semi-auto-

166 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

2. Grades and marks

(1) The semi-automatic welding consumables are classified as specified in Table 2.2.33.

Table 2.2.33 Grades and Marks

(2) A suffix "S" will be added after the grade mark to indicate approval for semi-automatic mul- ti- run welding. For wires intended for both semi-automatic and automatic welding, the suffixes will be added in combination.(eg. 3Y SM )

(3) A suffix G will be added to the grade marks for semi-automatic welding consumables which use shield gas, and a suffix N will be added for semi-automatic welding consumables which do not use shield gas. Further, the type of shield gas used is to be as specified in Table 2.2.24, and the suffix given in Table 2.2.24 will be added after the suffix G. (e.g. 3Y S G (M 1))

(4) For low hydrogen electrodes, which have passed the fixes given in Table 2.2.22 are to be added to electrode. (e.g. 3Y S H5)

3. General provisions for tests

(1) Kinds of test, number, thickness and dimensions of

hydrogen test specified in 602. 6, the suf- the end of the grade marks of the said

test assemblies, diameter of wire used for

welding, welding position, grades and number of test specimens to be taken from each test as-

sembly, position for semi-automatic welding consumables used in butt welds or in both butt and

fillet welds are to be as given in Table 2.2.34.

(2) Kinds of test, number, thickness and dimensions of test assemblies, diameter of wire used for

welding, welding position, grades and number of test specimens to be taken from each test as- sembly for semi-automatic welding materials used in fillet welds only are to be as given in

Table 2.2.18.

(3) Steel plates to be used for test assemblies are to be as given in Table 2.2.35, appropriate to the kind of semi-automatic welding consumables.

(4) For the approval of semi-automatic welding consumables, the test specified in the preceding (1)

and (2) are to be conducted for each brand of semi-automatic welding consumables.

(5) For semi-automatic welding consumables, the test in the preceding (4) is to be performed for

each type of gas types of

conducted in

gas given in Table 2.2.27. When the manufacturer of the material recommends the group of M 1, M 2, M 3 or C in Table 2.2.27 and the test is satisfactorily

accordance with the preceding (3) on one of the gas type, the test on the other

gas types belonging to the same group is allowed to be dispensed with at the discretion of the

Society.

(6) The welding conditions used such as amperage, voltage, travel speed, etc. are to be within the range recommended by the manufacturer for normal good welding practice. Where a filler met- al is stated to be suitable for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC), AC is to be used for the preparation of the test assemblies.

(7) After welding, the test assemblies are not to be subjected to any heat treatment.

(8) It is recommended that the welded assemblies be subjected to a radiographic examination to as-

certain that there are any defects in the weld prior to the preparation of test specimens.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 167

Table 2.2.34 Kinds of Test for Semi-automatic Welding Consumables

168 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Table 2.2.35 Grades of Steel for Test Assembly

4. Deposited metal test

(1) Welding of Deposited metal test assemblies

(a) Test assembly as shown in Fig 2.2.18 is to be welded in the flat normal practice.

position according to the

(b) Test assembly is to be welded in single or multi-run layers, and the direction of deposition of each run is to alternate from each end of the plate, each run of weld metal being not

less than 2 mm but not more than 6 mm thick.

(c)

A25f0ter eabcuht rnuont, tbheelotwest 1a0s0sem,bltyheis tetombperalteufrte ibneinsgtilltakaeirn uant titlheitcehnatsre coofoltehde

surface of seam.

twoeldlesosn ththaen

(2) Chemical analysis

The chemical analysis of the deposited weld metal in each test assembly is to be supplied by

the manufacturer and is to include the content of all significant alloying element.

(3) Deposited metal tensile test

(a) The tensile test specimen, one from each test assembly, is to be machined to dimensions

R14A test specimen as shown in Table 2.2.1, care being taken that the coincides with the centre of weld and the mid-thickness of plates.

(b) The tensile test specimen may be subjected to a temperature not exceeding riod not exceeding 16 hours for hydrogen removal prior to testing.

longitudinal axis

250 for a pe-

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 169

(c) The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of each test specimen are to comply with the requirements given in Table 2.2.36, where the upper limit of tensile strength is ex- ceeded, special consideration will be given to the approval of the electrode, taking into con-

sideration of the other mechanical properties shown in the test results composition of deposited metal.

and the chemical

Table 2.2.36 Tensile and Impact Test Requirements for Deposited Metal test

(4) Deposited metal impact tests

(a) One set of three impact test specimens, from each test assembly, are to be machined to di-

mensions charphy V-notch impact test specimens as shown in Table 2.1.3. The test

speci-

men is to be cut with its longitudinal axis transverse to the direction of welding, and the test specimen is to coincide with the mid-thickness of the plate shown in Fig 2.2.21.

(b) Test temperature and average absorbed energy are to comply with the requirements given in

Table 2.2.36.

(c)

(d)

The notch is to be positioned in the centre of weld and is to be cut in the face of test specimens perpendicular to the surface of plate.

When the absorbed energy of two or more test specimens among a set of test specimens is

less in value than the specified average absorbed energy or when the absorbed energy of a single test specimen is less in value than 70 % of the specified average absorbed energy, the test is considered to have failed.

170 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

5. Butt weld test

(1) Welding of butt weld test assemblies

(a) Test assembly as shown in Fig 2.2.20 is to be welded in each welding position (flat, hori- zontal-

vertical, vertical-upward, vertical-downward and overhead) which is recommended by the manufacturer.

(b) A25f0ter eabcuht nruont , btehleowtes1t00asse,mtbhley teismptoerabteurelefbteiinng stailkl enairatunthtiel ictenhtares

surface of seam.

(2) Butt weld tensile tests

cooled to less than of the weld on the

(a) The tensile test specimen is to be R 2A test specimen shown in Table 2.2.1 and the test

(b)

(c)

specimen is The surface

The tensile

2.2.37.

to be taken from each test assembly.

of weld is to be machined flush with the surface of plate.

strength of test specimen is to comply with the requirements given in Table

Table 2.2.37 Tensile and Impact Test Requirements for Butt weld test

(3) Butt weld bend test

(a) The face and root bend test specimens are to be RB4 specimen shown in Table 2.2.2, and

test specimens are to be taken from each test assembly. However, for L 91 or L 92,

the

(b)

face and root bend specimens are to be RB1 specimen shown in Table 2.2.2, and test specimens are to be taken longitudinally from each test assembly.

The test specimens are to be capable of withstanding, without crack exceeding 3 mm long on the outer surface of other defects, being bent through an angle of 120 degrees over a former having a radius of 1.5 times the thickness of test specimen. The radius and angle of the former for L 91 and L 92, however, are to be 2 times the thickness of the specimen and 180 degrees respectively.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 171

(4) Butt weld Impact test

(a) One set of three impact test specimens, from each test assembly, are to be machined to di-

mensions charphy V-notch impact test specimens as shown in Table 2.1.3. The test speci- men is to be cut with its longitudinal axis transverse to the direction of welding, and the

test specimen is to coincide with the mid-thickness of the plate shown in Fig 2.2.19.

(b)

(c)

Test temperature and average absorbed energy are to comply with the requirements given in

Table 2.2.37.

The requirements in Par 4 (4), (c) and (d) are to correspondingly apply to this Paragraph.

6. Fillet weld test assemblies

(1) Welding of fillet weld test assemblies The test assemblies are to be in accordance with the re- quirements in 602. 7 (1).

(2) Fillet weld macro-structure test The macro-structure test is to be correspondingly in accord-

ance with the requirements in 602. 7 (2).

(3) Fillet weld hardness test The hardness test is to be correspondingly in accordance with the re- quirements in 602. 7 (3).

(4) Fillet weld fracture test The fracture test is to be correspondingly in accordance with the re-

quirements in 602. 7 (4).

7. Hydrogen test

Flux-cored or flux-coated wires which have satisfied the requirements for Grades 2S, 2YS, 2Y40S, 3S, 3YS, 3Y40S, 4YS or 4Y40S may, at manufacturer's option, be submitted to the hydrogen test as detailed in 602. 6. using the manufacturer's recommended welding conditions and adjusting the deposition rate to give a weight of weld deposit per sample similar to that deposited when using manual electrodes.

8. Annual inspections

(1) In the annual inspections, tests specified in the following (2) are to be conducted for each brand of the approved consumables, and they are to be passed satisfactorily.

(2) The kinds of test, etc. in the annual inspection are to be as given in Table 2.2.38.

Table 2.2.38 Kind of Test for Annual Inspection

(3) The welding procedures and requirements for test assemblies of tests specified in the preceding

(2) are to be as specified in Par 4.

9. Changes in grades

(1) Where changes in the grades relating to the strength or toughness of welding consumables ap- proved are to be made, tests specified in the following (2) and (3) are to be carried out and satisfactorily passed in accordance with the requirements in 601. 6 (3).

(2) For changes in the grades relating to strength, the butt weld tests, specified in the annual in- spection of Par 8 and in the requirements of Par 3 (1), are to be conducted.

(3) For changes in the grades relating to toughness, the butt weld impact tests, specified in the an-

nual inspection of Par 8 and in the requirements of Par 3 (1), are to be conducted.

172 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

605. Electro-slag and electro-gas welding consumables

1. Application

Electro-slag and electro-gas welding consumables for normal strength and higher strength steels (hereinafter referred to as "welding consumables") are to be in accordance with the requirements in 605.

2. Grades and marks

Welding consumables are classified as specified in Table 2.2.39.

Table 2.2.39 Grades and Marks

3. General provisions for tests

(1) Kinds of test, number, thickness and dimensions of test assemblies, grades and number of test

specimens to be taken from each test assembly for welding consumables are to be as given in

Table 2.2.40.

Table 2.2.40 Kinds of Test for Electro-Slag and Electro-Gas Welding Consumables

(2) Steel plates to be used for test assemblies are to be as given in Table 2.2.41, appropriate to the kind of welding consumables.

(3) For the approval of welding consumables, the tests specified in the preceding (1) are to be con- ducted for each brand of welding consumables.

(4) The welding conditions used such as amperage, voltage, travel speed, etc. are to be within the

range recommended by the manufacturer for normal good welding practice. Where a filler met- al is stated to be suitable for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC), AC is to

be used for the preparation of the test assemblies.

(5) After welding, the test assemblies are not to be subjected to any heat treatment.

(6) It is recommended that the welded assemblies be subjected to a radiographic examination to as- certain that there are any defects in the weld prior to the preparation of test specimens.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 173

Table 2.2.41 Grades of Steel used for Test Assembly

4. Butt weld test

(1) Welding of butt weld test assemblies

(a) Test assemblies as shown in Fig 2.2.29 are to be welded upward in vertical position in one Pass.

174 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

(b) The welding conditions and edge preparation are to be within the range recommended by the manufacturer.

(2) Tensile test

(a) Two tensile test specimens to be R2A specimen and two longitudinal tensile test specimens to be R14A specimen as shown in Table 2.2.1 are to be taken from each test assembly.

The longitudinal axis of test specimen coincides with the centre of weld and the mid-thick- ness of plates.

(b)

(c)

T25h0e lonfgoirtuadinpaelriotednsniolet teexscteesdpiencgim1e6nshomuarys fboer shuybdjerocgteedn troemthoevahlepatriotrreatotmteensttinngo.t exceeding

Tensile strength of each test specimen R2A and tensile strength, yield strength and elonga- tion of each longitudinal test specimen R14A are to comply with the requirements in Table

2.2.42. Where the upper limit of tensile strength is exceeded, special consideration will be

given to the approval of the welding consumables, taking mechanical properties shown in the test results and chemical

into consideration of the other composition of deposited metal.

Table 2.2.42 Tensile and Impact Test Requirements for Butt weld test

(3) Bend test

(a) Bend test specimens are to be R B 6 specimens shown in Table 2.2.2

test specimens are to be taken from each test assembly.

and two side bend

(b) The test specimens are to be capable of withstanding, without crack exceeding 3 mm long

on the outer surface of other defects, being bent through an angle of 180 degrees over a former having a radius of two times the thickness of test specimen.

(4) Impact test

(a) Two sets of six impact test specimens, from each test assembly, are to be machined to di- mensions charphy V-notch impact test specimens as shown in Table 2.1.3 and the longi- tudinal direction of the test specimen is to be perpendicular to the weld line and the surface

of weld about 2 mm apart is to coincide with the surface of specimen as shown in Fig 2.2.30.

(b) The position of the notch is to be in accordance with Fig 2.2.30 (a) and (b) respectively, and its longitudinal direction is to be perpendicular to the surface of the test assembly.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 175

Fig 2.2.30 Position of Impact Specimen (Unit : mm, t = Plate thickness)

(c) Test temperature and average absorbed energy are to comply with the requirements given in

Table 2.2.42.

(d) When the absorbed energy of two or more test specimens among a set of test specimens is less in value than the specified average absorbed energy or when the absorbed energy of a single test specimen is less in value than 70 % of the specified average absorbed energy, the test is considered to have failed.

(5) Macro-structure test

(a) Two macro-structure test specimens are to be taken from the position shown in Fig 2.2.29.

As for the surface to be tested, one is to be normal to the assembly surface and the other parallel to the assembly surface.

(b) Both the welded parts and the weld boundaries are to show complete fusion, penetration and sound metallurgical structure.

5. Annual inspections

(1) In the annual inspection, tests specified in the following (2) are to be conducted for each brand of the approved materials, and they are to be passed satisfactorily.

(2) The kinds of test, etc. in the annual inspections are to be as given in Table 2.2.43.

(3) The welding procedures and requirements for test assemblies of tests specified in the preceding

(2) are to be as specified in Par 4.

Table 2.2.43 Kind of Test for Annual Inspection

6. Changes in grades

Where changes in the grades relating to the strength or toughness of welding consumables approved are to be made, tests specified in Par 3 (1) are to be conducted and satisfactorily passed in ac- cordance with the requirements in 601. 6 (3).

176 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

606. One side welding and steels for low

1. Application

consumables for normal strength steels, higher strength steels temperature service.

(1) Welding consumables for normal strength steels, higher strength steels and steels for low tem- perature service given in the following (a) through (c) (hereinafter referred to as "one side auto- matic welding consumables") are to be subjected to the approval tests and annual inspections in accordance with the requirements in 606.

(a)

(b)

(c)

Submerged arc one side automatic welding consumables

Gas shielded arc one side automatic welding consumables (solid wire or flux cored wire with shielding gas)

Self-shielded arc one side automatic welding consumables (flux cored wire or flux coated wire without shielding gas)

(2) Approval tests and annual inspections of one side covered electrodes for normal strength steels, higher strength steels and steels for low temperature service, and one side semi-automatic weld- ing consumables are to be as deemed appropriate by the Society. See Guidance

(3) Approval tests and annual inspections for one side automatic welding consumables of muitiple electrodes are to be as deemed appropriate by the Society. See Guidance

2. Grades and marks

(1) One side automatic welding consumables are classified as specified in 603. 2. Further, one side automatic welding consumables which have passed the tests for each welding procedure given in Table 2.2.45 are to be appended with the suffixes given in Table 2.2.44 at the end of their marks.

(2) In the preceding (1), a suffix G will be added to the grade mark for gas shielded arc one side

automatic welding consumables, automatic welding consumables.

2.2.27 and the suffix given in

G (M 1))

and a suffix N will be added for self-shielded wire one side Further, the type of gas used is to be as specified in Table Table 2.2.27 will be added after the suffix G. (e.g. 3Y S M R

Table 2.2.44 Marks

3. General provisions for tests

(1) Kinds of test, number, thickness and dimensions of test assemblies, grades and number of test specimens to be taken from each test assembly for one side automatic welding consumables are to be as given in Table 2.2.45.

(2) Steel plates to be used for test assemblies are to be as given in Table 2.2.46.

(3) For the approval of one side automatic welding consumables, the tests specified in the preceding

(1) are to be conducted for each brand of one side automatic welding consumables.

(4) For gas shield arc one side automatic welding consumables, the test in the preceding (3) is to be performed for each type of gas given in Table 2.2.27. When the manufacturer of the ma-

terial recommends gas types of the group of M 1, M 2, M 3 or C in Table 2.2.27 and the test is satisfactorily conducted in accordance with the preceding (3) on one of the gas type, the test on

the other gas types belonging to the same group is allowed to be dispensed with at the dis- cretion of the Society.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 177

Table 2.2.45 Kinds of Test for One-side Automatic Welding Consumables

178 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Table 2.2.46 Grades of Steel used for Test Assembly

(5) The combination of one side automatic welding materials are classified

2.2.47, appropriate to the welding procedure.

as given in Table

Table 2.2.47 Combinations of One Side Automatic Welding Consumables

(6) The welding conditions used such as amperage, voltage, travel speed, etc. are to be within the range recommended by the manufacturer for normal good welding practice. Where a filler met- al is stated to be suitable for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC), AC is to be used for the preparation of the test assemblies.

(7) After welding, the test assemblies are not to be subjected to any heat treatment.

(8) It is recommended that the welded assemblies be subjected to a radiographic examination to as-

certain that there are any defects in the weld prior to the preparation of test specimens.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 179

4. Butt weld test assemblies with one-run and multi-run technique

(1) Welding of butt weld test assemblies with one-run and multi-run technique

(a) Test assemblies are to be prepared as shown in Fig 2.2.31, and the diameter of wire, root

gap and edge preparation are to be within the range specified by the manufacturer.

(b) Test assemblies are to be welded in downhand position by one-run technique or multi-run technique according to the procedures specified by the manufacturer. However, for gas shield and self-shielded arc one side automatic welding consumables, the welding position is to be specified by the manufacturer.

(c)

Alefstserthcaonmp2l5e0ting ebaucthnroutn btehleowtest10a0ssem, bthlye tiesmtpoerabteurelefbteiinng statikllenaiart uthnetilceint trheasofcowoelledd otno

the surface of seam.

(2) Butt weld tensile test with one-run and multi-run technique

(a) Tow tensile test specimens to be R 2A specimen and one longitudinal tensile test specimen to be R 14A specimen as shown in Table 2.2.1 are to be taken from each test assembly. The longitudinal axis of test specimen coincides with the centre of weld and the mid-thick-

180 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

ness of plate.

(b)

T0 he

flonr gaitupdeirniaold tneontsileexcteesdt inspgec1i6mehnoumrsayforbehysdurbojgeecntedremtoovaal tepmripoerratoturtestninogt . exceeding 25

(c)

Tensile strength of each test specimen R 2A is to comply with the requirements in Table

2.2.31. Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of longitudinal tensile test specimens

R 14 are to comply with the requirements given in Table 2.2.30. Where the upper limit

of tensile strength is exceeded, special consideration will be given to the approval of the welding consumables, taking into consideration of the other mechanical properties shown in

the test results and chemical composition of deposited metal.

(3) Butt weld bend test with one-run and multi-run technique The bend tests are to comply with the requirements in 603. 6. (4).

(4) Butt weld impact test with one-run and multi-run technique

(a) Two sets of impact test specimens, from each test assembly, are to be machined to di- mensions R 4 test specimen as shown in Table 2.1.3. Longitudinal direction of the test

specimen is to be perpendicular to the weld line as shown in Fig 2.2.32.

(b) Test temperature and average absorbed energy are to comply with the requirements given in

Table 2.2.31.

(c) The notch is to be positioned in the specimens perpendicular to the surface

centre of weld and is to be cut in the face of test of plate.

(d)

When the absorbed energy of two or

more test specimens among a set of test specimens

is less in value than the specified average absorbed energy or when the absorbed energy of a single test specimen is less in value than 70 % of the specified average absorbed energy,

the test is considered to have failed.

(5) Butt weld macro-structure test with one-run and multirun technique

(a) Macro-structure test specimens are to be taken from the position shown in Fig 2.2.31. The surface to be tested is to be perpendicular to the surface of the test assembly.

(b)

Both the welded parts and the weld boundaries are to show complete fusion, penetration and

sound metallurgical structure.

5. Hydrogen test

The hydrogen test is to be in accordance with 602. 6 of the Rules

6. Annual inspections

(1) In the annual inspection, tests specified in the following (2) are to be conducted for each brand of the approved consumables, and they are to be passed satisfactorily.

(2) The kinds of test, etc. in the annual inspection are to be as given in Table 2.2.48.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 181

Table 2.2.48 Kinds of Test for Annual Inspection

(3) The welding procedures and requirements of be as specified in Par 4.

7. Changes in grades

test assemblies for tests in the preceding (2) are to

Where changes in the grades relating to the strength or toughness of one side automatic welding consumables approved are to be made, all the tests specified in Par 3 (1) are to be carried out and satisfactorily passed in accordance with the requirements in 601. 6 (3).

607. Welding consumables for stainless steel

1. Application

(1) Welding consumables for stainless steels specified in Ch 1, Sec 3 (hereinafter referred to as "welding consumables") are to be subjected to the approval tests and annual inspections in ac- cordance with the requirements in 607.

(2) Welding consumables for duplex stainless steel is to be in accordance with the Guidance in re- lating to Rules. See Guidance

2. Grades and marks

(1) Welding consumables are classified as specified in Table 2.2.49.

(2) Submerged arc welding consumables which have passed the tests for each welding process given

in Table 2.2.51 are to be appended with the suffixes shown in Table 2.2.50 at the end of their marks.

(3) For flux cored wire semi-automatic welding consumables in the preceding (1), a suffix G will

be added to the grade mark for welding consumables which use shield gas, and a suffix N will

be added to the type of

the grade marks shield gas used

for welding consumables which do not used shield gas. Further, is to be as specified in Table 2.2.27 and the suffix given in

182 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Table 2.2.27 will be added after the suffix G. (e.g. R W 308G (C))

Table 2.2.49 Grades and Marks of Welding Consumables

Table 2.2.50 Marks

3. General provisions for tests

(1) Kinds of test, number, thickness and dimensions of test assemblies, diameter of wire used for welding, grades and number of test specimens to be taken from each test assembly in each welding position for welding consumables are to be as given in Table 2.2.51. However, addi- tional tests appropriate to steels, such as test on corrosion-resistance test, impact test, macro etching test, etc., except the test given in Table 2.2.51 may be required where deemed neces- sary by the Society. See Guidance

(2) Steel plates to be used for test assemblies are to be as given in Table 2.2.52 according to the grades of welding consumables.

(3) For the approval of welding consumables, the tests specified in the preceding (1) are to be con- ducted for each brand of welding consumables.

(4) For flux cored wire semi-automatic welding materials, which use shield gas, the test in the pre- ceding (3) is to be performed for each type of gas given in Table 2.2.27. When the manu-

facturer of the consumables recommends gas types of the group of M 1, M 2, M 3 or C in

Table 2.2.27 and the test is satisfactorily conducted in accordance with the preceding (3) on one of the gas type, the test on the other gas types belonging to the same group is allowed to be dispensed with at the discretion of the Society.

(5) The welding conditions used such as amperage, voltage, travel speed, etc. are to be within the range recommended by the manufacturer for normal good welding practice. Where a filler met- al is stated to be suitable for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC), AC is to be used for the preparation of the test assemblies.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 183

Table 2.2.51 Kinds of Test of Welding Consumables for Stainless Steel

184 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Table 2.2.52 Grades of Steel for Test Assembly

(6) After welding, the test assemblies are not to be subjected to any heat treatment.

(7) It is recommended that the welded assemblies be subjected to a radiographic examination to as- certain that there are any defects in the weld prior to the preparation of test specimens.

4. Deposited metal test

(1) Welding of deposited metal test assemblies

(a) Test assemblies as shown in Fig 2.2.33 are to be welded in the flat position according to

the welding procedure recommended by the manufacturer.

(b) After each

150 but

run, the test assembly is to be left in still air until it has cooled to less than not below 15 , the temperature being taken at the centre of the weld on the

surface of seam.

(2) Chemical composition

(a) Deposited metals of electrodes for manual arc welding and of welding consumables for flux cored wire semi-automatic welding and submerged arc welding are to have the chemical composition given in Tables 2.2.53, 2.2.55 and 2.2.56 respectively.

(b) TIG and MIG welding consumables are to have the chemical composition of ladle analysis value complied with the requirements as given in Table 2.2.54.

(3) Deposited metal tensile test

(a) One tensile test specimens to be R10 shown in Table 2.2.1 is to be taken from each test

assembly. Further, where approved by the Society, one R14A

tensile test

specimen may be

taken, the longitudinal axis of test specimen coincides with mid- the centre thickness of plate.

of weld and the

(b)

(c)

The tensile test specimens may be subjected to a temperature not exceeding 250 for a pe- riod not exceeding 16 hours for hydrogen removal prior to testing.

Deposited metal tensile tests are to comply with the requirements in Table 2.2.57.

Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015 185

Table 2.2.53 Chemical Composition of Deposited Metal for Electrodes

186 Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships 2015

Table 2.2.54 Chemical Composition of Deposited Metal for TIG Electrodes or MIG Wires

Grade

Chemical composition (%)